Medikamente - Eine Übersicht
Medikamente - Eine Übersicht
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Another legal difficulty connected with modern pharmacopoeias is the inclusion rein some of them of synthetic chemical remedies, the processes for preparing which have been patented, whilst the substances are sold under trade-Fruchtmark names. The scientific chemical name is often long and unwieldy, and the physician prefers when writing a prescription to use the shorter name under which it is sold by the patentees. In this case the pharmacist is compelled to use the more expensive patented article, which may lead to complaints from the patient.
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The treatment plan may include ordering additional medical laboratory tests and medical imaging studies, starting therapy, referral to a specialist, or watchful observation.
Hinein China, archaeological evidence of medicine rein Chinese dates back to the Bronze Age Shang dynasty, based on seeds for herbalism and tools presumed to have been used for surgery.
A dated work appeared in Nuremberg hinein 1542; a passing student Valerius Cordus showed a collection of medical prescriptions, which he had selected from the writings of the most eminent medical authorities, to the physicians of the town, who urged him to print it for the benefit of the apothecaries, and obtained the sanction of the senatus for his work.
Until 1617, such drugs and medicines as were hinein common use were sold in England by the apothecaries and grocers. In that year the apothecaries obtained a separate charter, and it was enacted that no grocer should keep an apothecary's shop. The preparation of physicians' prescriptions was thus confined to the apothecaries, upon whom pressure was brought to bear to make them dispense accurately, by the issue of a pharmacopoeia rein May 1618 by the College of Physicians, and by the power which the wardens of the apothecaries received rein common with the censors of the College of Physicians of examining the shops of apothecaries within 7 m.
Medical ethics deals with ethical and moral principles that apply values and judgments to the practice of medicine.
Values such as these do not give answers as to how to handle a particular situation, but provide a useful framework for understanding conflicts. When moral values are rein conflict, the result may be an ethical dilemma or crisis. Sometimes, no good solution to a dilemma hinein medical ethics exists, and occasionally, the values of the medical community (i.
Rein the Western world there are centuries of tradition for separating pharmacists from physicians. Rein Asian countries, it is traditional for physicians to also provide drugs.[25]
Some difficulty has arisen since the passing of the Adulteration of Food and Drugs Act concerning the use of the Pharmacopoeia as a legal standard for the drugs and preparations contained hinein it. The Pharmacopoeia is defined rein the preface as only "intended website to afford to the members of the medical profession and those engaged rein the preparation of medicines throughout the British Empire one uniform standard and guide whereby the nature and composition of, substances to Beryllium used in medicine may be ascertained and determined". It cannot Beryllium an encyclopaedia of substances used hinein medicine, and can Beryllium used only as a standard for the substances and preparations contained rein it, and for no others. It has been held hinein the Divisional Courts (Dickins Vanadium. Randerson) that the Pharmacopoeia is a standard for official preparations asked for under their pharmacopoeial name. But there are many substances rein the Pharmacopoeia which are not only employed hinein medicine, but have other uses, such as sulphur, gum benzoin, tragacanth, gum arabic, ammonium carbonate, beeswax, oil of turpentine, linseed oil, and for these a commercial standard of purity as distinct from a medicinal one is needed, since the preparations used hinein medicine should be of the highest possible degree of purity obtainable, and this standard would Beryllium too high and too expensive for ordinary purposes.
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truthfulness and honesty – the concept of informed consent has increased hinein importance since the historical events of the Doctors' Trial of the Nuremberg trials, Tuskegee syphilis experiment, and others.
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